An Overview of Major Developments, Applications and Challenges in Quantum Cryptography

Amod Aggarwal, K Shahana

Abstract: Modern Cryptography is based on computationallysecure algorithms. With the emergence of quantum computers, it is possible to crack the heritage computationally-secure algorithms. Quantum Cryptography/ Quantum Key Distribution is a new and evolving field for secure communication. It is able to detect eavesdropping in a failsafe manner as it is impossible to copy the data encoded in a quantum state without changing its state. This paper discusses the types of modern cryptography, limitations of their use in practical applications, quantum safeencryption schemes that overcome the challenges associated with the modern cryptography, and various aspects of one of the safe encryption schemes i.e. quantum cryptography. This paper focuses on discussing the work done in the field of quantum cryptography such as line-based and space-based experiments and the challenges associated with its practical implementation. Impact of satellite orbit is also addressed, recommending a preferred scheme for a global network based on the quantum approach. This paper also provides a detailed discussion of various quantum cryptography protocols. Keywords: Quantum Superposition, Quantum Entanglement, BB84, BB92, SARG04, Decoy State protocol

Title:	An Overview of Major Developments, Applications and Challenges in Quantum Cryptography
Author Name:	Amod Aggarwal, K Shahana
Abstract:	Abstract: Modern Cryptography is based on computationallysecure algorithms. With the emergence of quantum computers, it is possible to crack the heritage computationally-secure algorithms. Quantum Cryptography/ Quantum Key Distribution is a new and evolving field for secure communication. It is able to detect eavesdropping in a failsafe manner as it is impossible to copy the data encoded in a quantum state without changing its state. This paper discusses the types of modern cryptography, limitations of their use in practical applications, quantum safeencryption schemes that overcome the challenges associated with the modern cryptography, and various aspects of one of the safe encryption schemes i.e. quantum cryptography. This paper focuses on discussing the work done in the field of quantum cryptography such as line-based and space-based experiments and the challenges associated with its practical implementation. Impact of satellite orbit is also addressed, recommending a preferred scheme for a global network based on the quantum approach. This paper also provides a detailed discussion of various quantum cryptography protocols. Keywords: Quantum Superposition, Quantum Entanglement, BB84, BB92, SARG04, Decoy State protocol
Cite this article:	Amod Aggarwal, K Shahana , " An Overview of Major Developments, Applications and Challenges in Quantum Cryptography " , International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS), Volume 9, Issue 5, September - October 2020 , pp. 050-058 , ISSN 2278-6856.
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